Preterm infants are babies who are born before 37 weeks of gestation, rather than the usual full term of 40 weeks. These infants are at risk for a variety of health issues and complications due to their underdeveloped organs and systems. Research in this area focuses on understanding the causes of preterm birth, improving outcomes for preterm infants, and developing strategies to prevent preterm birth. This research often involves studying the physiological development of preterm infants, identifying ways to support their growth and development, and exploring the long-term effects of preterm birth on health and well-being. Vaccine development, feeding strategies, and advances in medical technology are also key areas of research for preterm infants.